भारतीय न्याय संहिता, 2023 — Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Section 1 — Short title, commencement and application
Section 2 — Definitions
Section 3 — General explanations
Section 4 — Punishments
Section 5 — Commutation of sentence
Section 6 — Fractions of terms of punishment
Section 7 — Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
Section 8 — Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc
Section 9 — Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
Section 10 — Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
Section 11 — Solitary confinement
Section 12 — Limit of solitary confinement
Section 13 — Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
Section 14 — Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
Section 15 — Act of Judge when acting judicially
Section 16 — Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
Section 17 — Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
Section 18 — Accident in doing a lawful act
Section 19 — Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
Section 20 — Act of a child under seven years of age
Section 21 — Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
Section 22 — Act of a person of unsound mind
Section 23 — Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
Section 24 — Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
Section 25 — Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
Section 26 — Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit
Section 27 — Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
Section 28 — Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
Section 29 — Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
Section 30 — Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
Section 31 — Communication made in good faith
Section 32 — Act to which a person is compelled by threats
Section 33 — Act causing slight harm
Section 34 — Things done in private defence
Section 35 — Right of private defence of body and of property
Section 36 — Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc
Section 37 — Acts against which there is no right of private defence
Section 38 — When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
Section 39 — When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
Section 40 — Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
Section 41 — When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
Section 42 — When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
Section 43 — Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
Section 44 — Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
Section 45 — Abetment of a thing
Section 46 — Abettor
Section 47 — Abetment in India of offences outside India
Section 48 — Abetment outside India for offence in India
Section 49 — Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
Section 50 — Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
Section 51 — Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
Section 52 — Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
Section 53 — Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
Section 54 — Abettor present when offence is committed
Section 55 — Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
Section 56 — Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
Section 57 — Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
Section 58 — Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
Section 59 — Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
Section 60 — Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
Section 61 — Criminal conspiracy
Section 62 — Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
Section 63 — Rape
Section 64 — Punishment for rape
Section 65 — Punishment for rape in certain cases
Section 66 — Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
Section 67 — Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
Section 68 — Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
Section 69 — Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc
Section 70 — Gang rape
Section 71 — Punishment for repeat offenders
Section 72 — Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc
Section 73 — Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
Section 74 — Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
Section 75 — Sexual harassment
Section 76 — Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
Section 77 — Voyeurism
Section 78 — Stalking
Section 79 — Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
Section 80 — Dowry death
Section 81 — Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
Section 82 — Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
Section 83 — Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
Section 84 — Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman
Section 85 — Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty
Section 86 — Cruelty defined
Section 87 — Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc
Section 88 — Causing miscarriage
Section 89 — Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent
Section 90 — Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
Section 91 — Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
Section 92 — Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
Section 93 — Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
Section 94 — Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
Section 95 — Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
Section 96 — Procuration of child
Section 97 — Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
Section 98 — Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc
Section 99 — Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
Section 100 — Culpable homicide
Section 101 — Murder
Section 102 — Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
Section 103 — Punishment for murder
Section 104 — Punishment for murder by life-convict
Section 105 — Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
Section 106 — Causing death by negligence
Section 107 — Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
Section 108 — Abetment of suicide
Section 109 — Attempt to murder
Section 110 — Attempt to commit culpable homicide
Section 111 — Organised crime
Section 112 — Petty organised crime
Section 113 — Terrorist act
Section 114 — Hurt
Section 115 — Voluntarily causing hurt
Section 116 — Grievous hurt
Section 117 — Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
Section 118 — Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
Section 119 — Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
Section 120 — Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
Section 121 — Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
Section 122 — Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation
Section 123 — Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
Section 124 — Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc
Section 125 — Act endangering life or personal safety of others
Section 126 — Wrongful restraint
Section 127 — Wrongful confinement
Section 128 — Force
Section 129 — Criminal force
Section 130 — Assault
Section 131 — Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
Section 132 — Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
Section 133 — Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation
Section 134 — Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
Section 135 — Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
Section 136 — Assault or criminal force on grave provocation
Section 137 — Kidnapping
Section 138 — Abduction
Section 139 — Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging
Section 140 — Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc
Section 141 — Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
Section 142 — Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
Section 143 — Trafficking of person
Section 144 — Exploitation of a trafficked person
Section 145 — Habitual dealing in slaves
Section 146 — Unlawful compulsory labour
Section 147 — Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
Section 148 — Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
Section 149 — Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
Section 150 — Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
Section 151 — Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
Section 152 — Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
Section 153 — Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
Section 154 — Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
Section 155 — Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
Section 156 — Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
Section 157 — Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
Section 158 — Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
Section 159 — Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
Section 160 — Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
Section 161 — Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
Section 162 — Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
Section 163 — Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
Section 164 — Harbouring deserter
Section 165 — Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
Section 166 — Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
Section 167 — Persons subject to certain Acts
Section 168 — Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
Section 169 — Candidate, electoral right defined
Section 170 — Bribery
Section 171 — Undue influence at elections
Section 172 — Personation at elections
Section 173 — Punishment for bribery
Section 174 — Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
Section 175 — False statement in connection with an election
Section 176 — Illegal payments in connection with an election
Section 177 — Failure to keep election accounts
Section 178 — Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 179 — Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or banknotes
Section 180 — Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or banknotes
Section 181 — Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 182 — Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 183 — Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
Section 184 — Using Government stamp known to have been before used
Section 185 — Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
Section 186 — Prohibition of fictitious stamps
Section 187 — Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
Section 188 — Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
Section 189 — Unlawful assembly
Section 190 — Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
Section 191 — Rioting
Section 192 — Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed
Section 193 — Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place
Section 194 — Affray
Section 195 — Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc
Section 196 — Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony
Section 197 — Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration
Section 198 — Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
Section 199 — Public servant disobeying direction under law
Section 200 — Punishment for non-treatment of victim
Section 201 — Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
Section 202 — Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
Section 203 — Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
Section 204 — Personating a public servant
Section 205 — Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
Section 206 — Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding
Section 207 — Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
Section 208 — Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant
Section 209 — Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
Section 210 — Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
Section 211 — Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
Section 212 — Furnishing false information
Section 213 — Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
Section 214 — Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
Section 215 — Refusing to sign statement
Section 216 — False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
Section 217 — False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
Section 218 — Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
Section 219 — Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
Section 220 — Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
Section 221 — Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
Section 222 — Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
Section 223 — Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
Section 224 — Threat of injury to public servant
Section 225 — Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
Section 226 — Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
Section 227 — Giving false evidence
Section 228 — Fabricating false evidence
Section 229 — Punishment for false evidence
Section 230 — Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
Section 231 — Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
Section 232 — Threatening any person to give false evidence
Section 233 — Using evidence known to be false
Section 234 — Issuing or signing false certificate
Section 235 — Using as true a certificate known to be false
Section 236 — False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
Section 237 — Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
Section 238 — Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
Section 239 — Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
Section 240 — Giving false information respecting an offence committed
Section 241 — Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
Section 242 — False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
Section 243 — Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
Section 244 — Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
Section 245 — Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due
Section 246 — Dishonestly making false claim in Court
Section 247 — Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due
Section 248 — False charge of offence made with intent to injure
Section 249 — Harbouring offender
Section 250 — Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
Section 251 — Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
Section 252 — Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc
Section 253 — Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
Section 254 — Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits
Section 255 — Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
Section 256 — Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
Section 257 — Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law
Section 258 — Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law
Section 259 — Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend
Section 260 — Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed
Section 261 — Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
Section 262 — Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
Section 263 — Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
Section 264 — Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 265 — Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 266 — Violation of condition of remission of punishment
Section 267 — Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
Section 268 — Personation of assessor
Section 269 — Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
Section 270 — Public nuisance
Section 271 — Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
Section 272 — Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
Section 273 — Disobedience to quarantine rule
Section 274 — Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
Section 275 — Sale of noxious food or drink
Section 276 — Adulteration of drugs
Section 277 — Sale of adulterated drugs
Section 278 — Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
Section 279 — Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
Section 280 — Making atmosphere noxious to health
Section 281 — Rash driving or riding on a public way
Section 282 — Rash navigation of vessel
Section 283 — Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
Section 284 — Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
Section 285 — Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
Section 286 — Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
Section 287 — Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
Section 288 — Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance
Section 289 — Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
Section 290 — Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc
Section 291 — Negligent conduct with respect to animal
Section 292 — Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 293 — Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
Section 294 — Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
Section 295 — Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child
Section 296 — Obscene acts and songs
Section 297 — Keeping lottery office
Section 298 — Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
Section 299 — Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
Section 300 — Disturbing religious assembly
Section 301 — Trespassing on burial places, etc
Section 302 — Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
Section 303 — Theft
Section 304 — Snatching
Section 305 — Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc
Section 306 — Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master
Section 307 — Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
Section 308 — Extortion
Section 309 — Robbery
Section 310 — Dacoity
Section 311 — Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
Section 312 — Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
Section 313 — Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc
Section 314 — Dishonest misappropriation of property
Section 315 — Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
Section 316 — Criminal breach of trust
Section 317 — Stolen property
Section 318 — Cheating
Section 319 — Cheating by personation
Section 320 — Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
Section 321 — Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
Section 322 — Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration
Section 323 — Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property
Section 324 — Mischief
Section 325 — Mischief by killing or maiming animal
Section 326 — Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc
Section 327 — Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
Section 328 — Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc
Section 329 — Criminal trespass and house-trespass
Section 330 — House-trespass and house-breaking
Section 331 — Punishment for house-trespass or house-breaking
Section 332 — House-trespass in order to commit offence
Section 333 — House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
Section 334 — Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
Section 335 — Making a false document
Section 336 — Forgery
Section 337 — Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc
Section 338 — Forgery of valuable security, will, etc
Section 339 — Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
Section 340 — Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
Section 341 — Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
Section 342 — Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
Section 343 — Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
Section 344 — Falsification of accounts
Section 345 — Property mark
Section 346 — Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
Section 347 — Counterfeiting a property mark
Section 348 — Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
Section 349 — Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
Section 350 — Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
Section 351 — Criminal intimidation
Section 352 — Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
Section 353 — Statements conducing to public mischief
Section 354 — Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
Section 355 — Misconduct in public by a drunken person
Section 356 — Defamation
Section 357 — Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
Section 358 — Repeal and savings